An auction of 270 never-before-offered historic California Gold Rush sunken treasure artifacts attracted nearly $1 million in sales from more than 7,500 registered bidders from across the United States and in six other countries. The recovered jewelry, mid-1800s clothing, glassware, and other items were retrieved from the legendary “Ship of Gold,” the S.S. Central America that sank during a voyage to New York in 1857.
“There has never been anything like the scope of these recovered artifacts which represented a time capsule of daily life during the Gold Rush. The auction took over eight hours for only 270 lots because of the exceptionally large number of bids,” said Fred Holabird, president of Holabird Western Americana Collections, the auction company that conducted the sale live in Reno, Nev., and online on Dec. 3.
Holabird advised there will be only one more opportunity to acquire previously unavailable S.S. Central America artifacts when the last items recovered from the fabled ship are offered in a public auction on Feb. 25.
Highlights of the Dec. 3 auction included the unique wooden lid to a Wells Fargo & Co. treasure box that that sold for $99,600; the purser’s keys to the ship’s treasure room, where tons of Gold Rush coins and assayers’ ingots were stored, brought $103,200; and the oldest known pair of miner’s heavy-duty work pants sold for $114,000, the highest price ever paid for jeans.
“Those miner’s jeans are like the first flag on the moon, a historic moment in history. We can precisely date them because we know the Central America sank during a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean on Sept. 12, 1857. There are no earlier five-button fly jeans in existence,” said Dwight Manley, managing partner of the California Gold Marketing Group, consignor of the recovered artifacts.
The auction catalog contained an extensive explanation of why the jeans may have been made by or for Levi Strauss Company. The miner’s pants and early Brooks Brothers undershirts with the company’s famous emblem were discovered in 1991 in the first-class passenger trunk of merchant and Mexican-American War military veteran John Dement of Oregon.
Two of the three recovered Brooks Brothers shirts were offered in the auction and sold for $3,240 and $1,320, respectively. A third shirt will be in the February auction. An 1849 edition of the novel, “The Count of Monte Cristo,” also found in Dement’s trunk, sold for $3,720.
A treasure trove of 1850s fashion recovered from the trunk of first-class passengers Ansel and Adeline Easton of San Francisco included men’s scarves, bow ties, cravats, collars, dress shirts, vests, jackets, dress pants, and socks, as well as women’s bloomers, dresses, evening gowns, and gloves.
Winning bids on those items ranged from $100 to $200 for pairs of socks to $4,800 for a shirt made for the Eastons’ friend, William C. Ralston, co-founder of the Bank of California, which was also found in the trunk. It apparently was being taken to New York to have more shirts made for Ralston.
“Ansel and Adeline Easton were San Francisco ‘royalty’ on their honeymoon trip to New York when the legendary S.S. Central America sank in 1857. Adeline survived in a lifeboat; Ansel clung to debris in the water for hours after the ship sank until he was rescued by the crew from another ship,” said Holabird.
“Ansel was a wealthy maritime provisions supplier, and Adeline’s brother, D.O. Mills, was a co-founder of the Bank of California,” he explained.
Bidders also paid $26,400 for a ca. 1851 gold watch cover depicting a miner and Yerba Buena, which later became San Francisco; $14,400 for a ring made with a large gold-in-quartz gemstone; $12,000 for a stick pin with two gold nuggets; and $3,360 for a white ceramic coffee cup decorated with gold lettering, “To My Mother.”
An 1849 Colt pocket pistol sold for $30,000, and three sets of matched brass luggage tags indicating the bags were going from San Francisco to New York via Panama sold for $5,640.
Four black glass beer bottles, some with the remaining dregs of their original contents, were sold for $1,200 to $1,680 each, and a whiskey bottle from the ship’s saloon brought $1,920. A rare medal of the order of Saint Maurice and Saint Lazarus, one of the world’s oldest orders of knighthood, sold for $13,200.
A $20 denomination gold coin struck at the San Francisco Mint in 1856 and later stamped with an advertising message by Sacramento, Calif., drug store owner J. Polhemus set a record for one of his counter-stamped coins at $43,200.
The Central America was carrying tons of Gold Rush treasure from San Francisco and the northern California area when she sank 7,200 feet deep in the Atlantic off the North Carolina coast while on a voyage from Panama to New York City. Recovery missions were made from 1988 to 1991 and again in 2014.
Most of the recovered coins and gold bars were sold starting in 2000. The unique items in this auction and the one scheduled for February were kept in secure storage since their recovery.
Insurance claims for the loss were paid in the 1850s, and the company that discovered and retrieved the treasure starting in 1988 settled with the insurers and their successors in 1998. With court approval, California Gold Marketing Group subsequently acquired clear title to all of that remaining treasure as well as all the items recovered in 2014.
All prices include a 20-percent buyer’s premium.
For additional information, email Holabird Western Americana Collections at info@holabirdamericana.com or visit www.HolabirdAmericana.com.
Photos courtesy Holabird Western Americana Collections.